Is Hulliung right? Hulliung discusses how people understand Machiavelli and what he thinks of some of Machiavellis concepts. In the chapter of interpreting Machiavelli, Hulliung argues in the issues of means and ends, idealism Vs realism, political violence and weather Machiavelli is a pagan. His ideas somewhat seem to be ... Read More
What Is Enlightenment?Immanuel KantEnlightenment is man's release from his self-incurred tutelage. Tutelage is man's inability to make use of his understanding without direction from another. Self-incurred is this tutelage when its cause lies not in lack of reason but in lack of resolution and courage to use it without direction ... Read More
John Paul Sartre is known as one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century. He wrote many philosophical works novels and plays. Much of his work is tied into politics. The essay Existentialism is a Humanism is just one of his many works. Existentialism is a Humanism is ... Read More
Tom RybakPhil 340-012000-02-03Singer vs. ReganDespite their rather different philosophical foundations, both philosophers arrive at basically the same conclusions. Singer takes a utilitarian approach, while Regan takes a deontological "rights" and "inherent value" position. In the end they both take a position of vegetarianism and advocated banning animal experimentation and sport ... Read More
What is the Superego? According to Anne Neimark Sigmund called the third area of the mind the Superego. Like a judge in a court trial, the superego announced its verdicts or decrees. (Neimark A, 1976, page 96) The superego is part of a trio that controls our urges and desires. ... Read More
Why is Modern Science Nihilistic?What is nihilism? Nihilism comes from the Latin root for nothing. Nihilism represents a belief that existence is senseless and useless. It also refers to sacrifice of meaningful existence defined by spiritual values, struggle and pain, in favor of pleasurable, comfortable and secure life. Post-modern writers ... Read More
Many of the philosopher's that existed during The Enlightenment influenced many countries, such as the United States of America, France and England, inboth past and present history. One French philosopher in particular was Francoise Marie Arouet de Voltaire. He once established the statement, " I do not agree with a ... Read More
The most important elements comprising the Western concept of the self are probably the soul and self identity. As Plato has made clear, you really are just a soul before God. Believing in this religious answer to the question "Who am I?" means accepting that your possessions and accomplishments along ... Read More
The Emergence of TranscendentalismThe emergence of the Transcendentalists as an identifiable movement took place during the late 1820s and 1830s, but the roots of their religious philosophyextended much farther back into American religious history. Transcendentalism and evangelical Protestantism followed separate evolutionary branches fromAmerican Puritanism, taking as their common ancestor the ... Read More
The only acceptable motive for a moral action is that it should be done as a sense of moral duty. Is this a justifiable claim?Before it is possible to analyse whether the statement, The only acceptable motive for a moral action is that it should be done as a sense ... Read More
The Only Truth ExistingA famous philosopher, Rene Descartes, once stated, "I am, therefore I exist." This statement holds the only truth found for certain in our "natural" experience that, as conscious beings, we exist. Whether we are our own creators, a creation, or the object of evolution, just as long ... Read More
Jean-Paul Sartre says "man is nothing else but what he makes of himself" (762). This existentialist view depicts the idea that one is not based on the essence of a soul, but rather, based on decisions made throughout life. Sartre also believes that every man is responsible for all men. ... Read More
Kelley RubbenDr. Marck L. Beggs, Director M.L.A. ProgramAdmissions EssayJanuary 6, 2001 What is Artistic Beauty?From the beginning of time, men and women have scrutinized, categorized, andcompared components of their surroundings in an attempt to better understand their world. Inthe Bibles Genesis account, Adam, seemingly in appreciation of Eves uniqueness and ... Read More